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Dear colleagues and friends of the HI-Jena,

we are glad to provide you with the March 2023 issue of the newsletter of the Helmholtz Institute Jena.
Below you find informations and news about recent activities of our institute.

Kind Regards,
Helmholtz Institute Jena

New Regimes of Nuclear Resonance Excitation: First Experiments at the European XFEL

Ralf Röhlsberger for the MCLS* collaboration and for the 45Sc collaboration

The nuclear resonances of Mössbauer isotopes provide extremely narrow energy references for high-resolution spectroscopy. This qualifies them for applications in condensed matter physics as well as for studies in fundamental physics and extreme metrology. Since the pioneering experiment by E. Gerdau et al. [1] at the storage ring DORIS (DESY, Hamburg), the technique of nuclear resonance scattering has found widespread applications at hard X-ray synchrotron radiation sources worldwide. Its implementation and use at hard X-ray laser sources started with one experiment performed at SACLA in Japan reported so far [2].

In 2022 we could perform the first experiments on nuclear resonance scattering at the European XFEL. One study was conducted at the 14.4 keV resonance of 57Fe aiming at applications in x-ray quantum optics in a collaboration with researchers from Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, the Max Planck Institute of Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, the University of Freiburg and DESY. The other experiment, initiated by researchers from Argonne National Laboratory and Texas A&M University in College Station, USA, succeeded to achieve the first photonic excitation of the ultranarrow 12.4 keV resonance of 45Sc for future applications in extreme metrology.

Employing the 14.4 keV nuclear resonance of 57Fe we aimed at the realization of multiphoton excitation in forward scattering from an ensemble of Mössbauer nuclei. Due to the radiative coupling between the nuclei in the ensemble, an enhanced decay rate (superradiance, SR) and collective energy shifts (collective Lamb shift, CLS) appear as characteristic signatures in the scattered light. So far, SR and CLS have been extensively studied in the single-photon excitation regime at synchrotrons. Here we were aiming to reveal the spectral properties of the nuclear exciton under multiphoton excitation conditions, especially with the goal to determine the CLS as function of the number of photons that resonantly excite the nuclear ensemble. So far, the spectral properties under multiphoton excitation conditions have neither been approached theoretically nor experimentally. Our experiment in 2022 was mainly devoted to reliably detect the nuclear forward scattering signal in the presence of the extremely intense radiation pulses of the European XFEL. To our great surprise, under these conditions a 8 mm thick 57Fe foil appeared to be only 1 mm thick, as illustrated in Fig.1. The microscopic mechanism for this unique behavior is still under investigation.

The 12.4 keV resonance of 45Sc is one of the narrowest nuclear resonances known with a half width of 1.4 femto-eV. In several aspects this isotope is superior to the 8.3 eV 229mTh isomer for extreme metrology applications. The scientific potential of the 45Sc resonance together with the possibility to resonantly excite it by photons from modern accelerator-based hard x-ray sources was identified more than 30 years ago [3]. However, it escaped detection until now, mostly due to the lack of hard x-ray sources with sufficient spectral flux. In this experiment the nuclear resonance of 45Sc was successfully observed by irradiation of a Sc metal foil with 12.4-keV x-ray pulses of sub-millisecond duration and detection of the 4 keV delayed K-fluorescence that followed internal nuclear conversion. The resonance energy, which was known before the experiment to an uncertainty of +/- 50 eV only was determined with sub-eV accuracy. Our results set the stage for further studies of this isotope with promising applications in fundamental physics and extreme metrology.

Both experiments greatly benefitted from the high pulse repetition rate in conjunction with hard x-ray self-seeding (HXRSS) at the respective nuclear resonance energies, providing the spectral flux for efficient nuclear resonance excitation. A unique pulse pattern will be extremely beneficial for future studies at the 45Sc resonance, in particular for the analysis of hyperfine interactions via nuclear forward scattering.

References

* Multiphoton Collective Lamb Shift
[1] E. Gerdau et al., Nuclear Bragg diffraction of synchrotron radiation in yttrium iron garnet, Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 835 (1985).
[2] A. I. Chumakov et al., Superradiance of an ensemble of nuclei excited by a free electron laser, Nature Physics 14, 261 (2018).
[3] Yu. V. Shvyd’ko and G. V. Smirnov, On the direct measurement of nuclear resonance parameters of long-lived (>=1s) isomers. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 51, 452 (1990).

News and Announcements

Semiannual Meeting of the HI Jena

We kindly invite you to the Helmholtz Institute Jena semiannual palaver. The detailed agenda can be found here. Zoom link: 670 9407 9947
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Team of the Helmholtz Institute Jena one of the winners at the DIHP Elevator Pitch 2023

Five teams awarded at the Ideas Pitch 2023 at the "Digital Innovation Hub Photonics" (DIHP)  To support start-ups and fresh ideas in the field of optics and photonics:…
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Robert Klas is awarded Hugo Geiger Prize 2023

Dr. Robert Klas, from Helmholtz Institute Jena and Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF, has received this year’s “Hugo Geiger Award…
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10th Joint RS-APS & HGS-HIRe Lecture Week on APPA Research at FAIR

At the end of February 2023 the Research School of Advanced Photon Science (RS-APS) of the Helmholtz Institute Jena organized already its 10th edition of its “Joint…
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Upcoming events

Upcoming events

DateTitleLocation

Recently finished theses

Riedel, R.
Pulse Metrology Tool and Burst-Mode Laser Amplifier for the Free-Electron Laser in Hamburg
Universität Hamburg; Fakultät für Mathematik, Informatik und Naturwissenschaften
December 2013
File:https://ediss.sub.uni-hamburg.de/handle/ediss/5213
Ecker, B.
Entwicklung kohärenter Lichtquellen im XUV-Regime
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Fachbereich 08 Physik, Mathematik und Informatik
November 2013
File:http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-1781
Hahn, C.
Energie- und polarisationssensitiver Nachweis harter Röntgenstrahlung an Hochintensitätslasern
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät
October 2013
File:https://www.hi-jena.de//fileadmin/content/publications/chahn_msc.pdf
Geithner, R.
Optimierung eines kryogenen Stromkomparators für den Einsatz als Strahlmonitor
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät
October 2013
File:https://www.db-thueringen.de/receive/dbt_mods_00023556
Rathje, T.
Photodissoziation des Wasserstoffmolekülions durch Einzelzyklenlaserpulse
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät
October 2013
File:https://www.hi-jena.de//fileadmin/content/publications/trathje_phd.pdf
Seegert, N.
Quantum Reflection at Strong Magnetic Fields
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät
September 2013
File:https://www.hi-jena.de//fileadmin/content/publications/nseegert_msc.pdf
Herdrich, M. O.
Ionisationsquerschnitte von Uranionen in Speicherringen
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät
September 2013
File:https://www.hi-jena.de//fileadmin/content/publications/mherdrich_bsc.pdf
Müller, R. A.
Angular and Polarisation Properties of Bremsstrahlung Radiation in the Short-Wavelength Limit
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät
August 2013
File:https://www.hi-jena.de//fileadmin/content/publications/rmueller_bsc.pdf
Blinne, A.
Paarproduktion in rotierenden elektrischen Feldern
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät
March 2013
File:https://www.hi-jena.de//fileadmin/content/publications/ablinne_msc.pdf
Kienel, M.
Passive Coherent Beam Combining of Temporally Cascaded Pulses
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät
January 2013
File:https://www.hi-jena.de//fileadmin/content/publications/mkienel_msc.pdf
Lötzsch, R.
Bent crystal X-ray optics for the diagnosis and applications of laser-produced plasmas
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät
November 2012
File:https://www.db-thueringen.de/receive/dbt_mods_00022009
Aurand, B.
Untersuchungen zu Mechanismen der Laser-Teilchenbeschleunigung
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Fachbereich 08 Physik, Mathematik und Informatik
June 2012
File:http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-2060
Fuchs, S.
Optische Kohärenztomografie mit kurzen Wellenlängen
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät
April 2012
File:https://www.hi-jena.de//fileadmin/content/publications/sfuchs_dip.pdf
Märtin, R.
Röntgenpolarimetrie angewandt zur Untersuchung der Bremsstrahlung spinpolarisierter Elektronen
Ruprecht-Karls-Universität; Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie
September 2011
File:http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/12675/
Hahn, C.
Charakterisierung ortsauflösender Halbleiterdetektoren für harte Röntgenstrahlung
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät
September 2011
File:https://www.hi-jena.de//fileadmin/content/publications/chahn_bsc.pdf
Reuter, M.
Interferometric Probing of Laser Generated Plasmas for Electron Acceleration
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät
July 2011
File:https://www.hi-jena.de//fileadmin/content/publications/mreuter_dip.pdf

Recent publications

Franchino-Viñas, S.; Gies, H.
Propagator from nonperturbative worldline dynamics
Physical Review D, 100 :105020
November 2019
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevD.100.105020
Kiffer, M.; Ringleb, S.; Stallkamp, N.; Arndt, B.; Blinov, I.; Kumar, S.; Stahl, S.; Stöhlker, T.; Vogel, M.
Single-pass non-destructive electronic detection of charged particles
Review of Scientific Instruments, 90 :113301
November 2019
DOI:10.1063/1.5110988
Gopal, A.; Woldegeorgis, A.; Herzer, S.; Almassarani, M.
Spatiotemporal visualization of the terahertz emission during high-power laser-matter interaction
Physical Review E, 100 :053203
November 2019
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevE.100.053203
Weikum, M.; Akhter, T.; Alesini, D.; Alexandrova, A.; Anania, M.; Andreev, N.; Andriyash, I.; Aschikhin, A.; Assmann, R.; Audet, T.; Bacci, A.; Barna, I.; Beaton, A.; Beck, A.; Beluze, A.; Bernhard, A.; Bielawski, S.; Bisesto, F.; Brandi, F.; Brinkmann, R.; Bruendermann, E.; Büscher, M.; Bussmann, M.; Bussolino, G.; Chance, A.; Chen, M.; Chiadroni, E.; Cianchi, A.; Clarke, J.; Cole, J.; Couprie, M.; Croia, M.; Cros, B.; Crump, P.; Dattoli, G.; Del Dotto, A.; Delerue, N.; De Nicola, S.; Dias, J.; Dorda, U.; Fedele, R.; Ferran Pousa, A.; Ferrario, M.; Filippi, F.; Fiore, G.; Fonseca, R.; Galimberti, M.; Gallo, A.; Ghaith, A.; Giove, D.; Giribono, A.; Gizzi, L.; Grüner, F.; Habib, A.; Haefner, C.; Heinemann, T.; Hidding, B.; Holzer, B.; Hooker, S.; Hosokai, T.; Huebner, M.; Irman, A.; Jafarinia, F.; Jaroszynski, D.; Joshi, C.; Kaluza, M.; Kando, M.; Karger, O.; Karsch, S.; Khazanov, E.; Khikhlukha, D.; Knetsch, A.; Kocon, D.; Koester, P.; Kononenko, O.; Korn, G.; Kostyukov, I.; Kruchinin, K.; Labate, L.; Blanc, C.; Lechner, C.; Leemans, W.; Lehrach, A.; Li, X.; Libov, V.; Lifschitz, A.; Litvinenko, V.; Lu, W.; Lundh, O.; Maier, A.; Malka, V.; Manahan, G.; Mangles, S.; Marchetti, B.; Martinez de la Ossa, A.; Martins, J.; Mason, P.; Massimo, F.; Mathieu, F.; Maynard, G.; Mazzotta, Z.; Molodozhentsev, A.; Mostacci, A.; Mueller, A.- .; Murphy, C.; Najmudin, Z.; Nghiem, P.; Nguyen, F.; Niknejadi, P.; Osterhoff, J.; Oumbarek Espinos, D.; Papadopoulos, D.; Patrizi, B.; Petrillo, V.; Pocsai, M.; Poder, K.; Pompili, R.; Pribyl, L.; Pugacheva, D.; Rajeev, P.; Romeo, S.; Rossetti Conti, M.; Rossi, A.; Rossmanith, R.; Roussel, E.; Sahai, A.; Sarri, G.; Schaper, L.; Scherkl, P.; Schramm, U.; Schroeder, C.; Scifo, J.; Serafini, L.; Sheng, Z.; Siders, C.; Silva, L.; Silva, T.; Simon, C.; Sinha, U.; Specka, A.; Streeter, M.; Svystun, E.; Symes, D.; Szwaj, C.; Tauscher, G.; Terzani, D.; Thompson, N.; Toci, G.; Tomassini, P.; Torres, R.; Ullmann, D.; Vaccarezza, C.; Vannini, M.; Vieira, J.; Villa, F.; Wahlstrom, C.- .; Walczak, R.; Walker, P.; Wang, K.; Welsch, C.; Wiggins, S.; Wolfenden, J.; Xia, G.; Yabashi, M.; Zhu, J.; Zigler, A.
Status of the Horizon 2020 EuPRAXIA conceptual design study
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1350 :012059
November 2019
DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/1350/1/012059
Sun, Z.; Tuitje, F.; Spielmann, C.
Toward high contrast and high-resolution microscopic ghost imaging
Optics Express, 27 :33652
November 2019
DOI:10.1364/OE.27.033652
Zhekova, M.; Maleshkov, G.; Stoyanov, L.; Stefanov, I.; Paulus, G.; Dreischuh, A.
Formation of multi-spot focal arrays by square-shaped optical vortex lattices
Optics Communications, 449 :110
October 2019
DOI:10.1016/j.optcom.2019.05.051
Glazov, D. A.; Köhler-Langes, F.; Volotka, A. V.; Blaum, K.; Heiße, F.; Plunien, G.; Quint, W.; Rau, S.; Shabaev, V. M.; Sturm, S.; Werth, G.
g Factor of Lithiumlike Silicon: New Challenge to Bound-State QED
Physical Review Letters, 123 :173001
October 2019
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.173001
Schulz, S.-L.; Fritzsche, S.; Müller, R. A.; Surzhykov, A.
Modification of multipole transitions by twisted light
Physical Review A, 100 :043416
October 2019
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevA.100.043416
Ozturk, F.; Akkus, B.; Atanasov, D.; Beyer, H.; Bosch, F.; Boutin, D.; Brandau, C.; Bühler, P.; Cakirli, R.; Chen, R.; Chen, W.; Chen, X.; Dillmann, I.; Dimopoulou, C.; Enders, W.; Essel, H.; Faestermann, T.; Forstner, O.; Gao, B.; Geissel, H.; Gernhäuser, R.; Grisenti, R.; Gumberidze, A.; Hagmann, S.; Heftrich, T.; Heil, M.; Herdrich, M.; Hillenbrand, P.-M.; Izumikawa, T.; Kienle, P.; Klaushofer, C.; Kleffner, C.; Kozhuharov, C.; Knöbel, R.; Kovalenko, O.; Kreim, S.; Kühl, T.; Lederer-Woods, C.; Lestinsky, M.; Litvinov, S.; Litvinov, Y.; Liu, Z.; Ma, X.; Maier, L.; Mei, B.; Miura, H.; Mukha, I.; Najafi, A.; Nagae, D.; Nishimura, T.; Nociforo, C.; Nolden, F.; Ohtsubo, T.; Oktem, Y.; Omika, S.; Ozawa, A.; Petridis, N.; Piotrowski, J.; Reifarth, R.; Rossbach, J.; Sanchez, R.; Sanjari, M.; Scheidenberger, C.; Sidhu, R.; Simon, H.; Spillmann, U.; Steck, M.; Stöhlker, T.; Sun, B.; Susam, L.; Suzaki, F.; Suzuki, T.; Torilov, S.; Trageser, C.; Trassinelli, M.; Trotsenko, S.; Tu, X.; Walker, P.; Wang, M.; Weber, G.; Weick, H.; Winckler, N.; Winters, D.; Woods, P.; Yamaguchi, T.; Xu, X.; Yan, X.; Yang, J.; Yuan, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhou, X.
New test of modulated electron capture decay of hydrogen-like ¹⁴²Pm ions: Precision measurement of purely exponential decay
Physics Letters B, 797 :134800
October 2019
DOI:10.1016/j.physletb.2019.134800
Schanz, V. A.; Roth, M.; Bagnoud, V.
Picosecond contrast degradation by surface imperfections in chirped-pulse-amplification stretchers
Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 36 :1735
October 2019
DOI:10.1364/JOSAA.36.001735
Schwinkendorf, J.-P.; Bohlen, S.; Couperus Cabadağ, J.; Ding, H.; Irman, A.; Karsch, S.; Köhler, A.; Krämer, J.; Kurz, T.; Kuschel, S.; Osterhoff, J.; Schaper, L.; Schinkel, D.; Schramm, U.; Zarini, O.; D'Arcy, R.
Charge calibration of DRZ scintillation phosphor screens
Journal of Instrumentation, 14 :P09025
September 2019
DOI:10.1088/1748-0221/14/09/P09025
Maltsev, I. A.; Shabaev, V. M.; Popov, R. V.; Kozhedub, Y. S.; Plunien, G.; Ma, X.; Stöhlker, T.; Tumakov, D. A.
How to Observe the Vacuum Decay in Low-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
Physical Review Letters, 123 :113401
September 2019
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.113401
Fellinger, J.; Mayer, A. S.; Winkler, G.; Grosinger, W.; Truong, G.-W.; Droste, S.; Li, C.; Heyl, C. M.; Hartl, I.; Heckl, O. H.
Tunable dual-comb from an all-polarization-maintaining single-cavity dual-color Yb:fiber laser
Optics Express, 27 :28062
September 2019
DOI:10.1364/OE.27.028062
Kang, H.; Chen, S.; Wang, Y.; Chu, W.; Yao, J.; Chen, J.; Liu, X.; Cheng, Y.; Xu, Z.
Wavelength-dependent nonsequential double ionization of magnesium by intense femtosecond laser pulses
Physical Review A, 100 :033403
September 2019
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevA.100.033403
Schuster, M.; Ludwig, V.; Akstaller, B.; Seifert, M.; Wolf, A.; Michel, T.; Neumayer, P.; Funk, S.; Anton, G.
A fast alignment method for grating-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging systems
Journal of Instrumentation, 14 :P08003
August 2019
DOI:10.1088/1748-0221/14/08/P08003
Zaytsev, V. A.; Volotka, A. V.; Yu, D.; Fritzsche, S.; Ma, X.; Hu, H.; Shabaev, V. M.
Ab initio QED Treatment of the Two-Photon Annihilation of Positrons with Bound Electrons
Physical Review Letters, 123 :093401
August 2019
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.093401
Karbstein, F.; Blinne, A.; Gies, H.; Zepf, M.
Boosting Quantum Vacuum Signatures by Coherent Harmonic Focusing
Physical Review Letters, 123 :091802
August 2019
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.091802
Zubova, N. A.; Anisimova, I. S.; Kaygorodov, M. Y.; Kozhedub, Y. S.; Malyshev, A. V.; Shabaev, V. M.; Tupitsyn, I. I.; Plunien, G.; Brandau, C.; Stöhlker, T.
Isotope shifts of the 1s²2s2p (J)–1s²2s²$ transition energies in Be-like thorium and uranium
Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 52 :185001
August 2019
DOI:10.1088/1361-6455/ab3148
Rothe, S.; Sundberg, J.; Welander, J.; Chrysalidis, K.; Goodacre, T. D.; Fedosseev, V.; Fiotakis, S.; Forstner, O.; Heinke, R.; Johnston, K.; Kron, T.; Köster, U.; Liu, Y.; Marsh, B.; Ringvall-Moberg, A.; Rossel, R. E.; Seiffert, C.; Studer, D.; Wendt, K.; Hanstorp, D.
Laser photodetachment of radioactive ¹²⁸I⁻
Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, 44 :104003
August 2019
DOI:10.1088/1361-6471/aa80aa
Danson, C.; Haefner, C.; Bromage, J.; Butcher, T.; Chanteloup, J.-C.; Chowdhury, E.; Galvanauskas, A.; Gizzi, L.; Hein, J.; Hillier, D.
Petawatt and exawatt class lasers worldwide
High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 7 :e54
August 2019
DOI:10.1017/hpl.2019.36
Aumayr, F.; Ueda, K.; Sokell, E.; Schippers, S.; Sadeghpour, H.; Merkt, F.; Gallagher, T. F.; Dunning, F. B.; Scheier, P.; Echt, O.; Kirchner, T.; Fritzsche, S.; Surzhykov, A.; Ma, X.; Rivarola, R.; Fojon, O.; Tribedi, L.; Lamour, E.; Lopez-Urrutia, J. R. C.; Litvinov, Y. A.; Shabaev, V.; Cederquist, H.; Zettergren, H.; Schleberger, M.; Wilhelm, R. A.; Azuma, T.; Boduch, P.; Schmidt, H. T.; Stöhlker, T.
Roadmap on photonic, electronic and atomic collision physics: III. Heavy particles: with zero to relativistic speeds
Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 52 :171003
August 2019
DOI:10.1088/1361-6455/ab26ea
Peshkov, A. A.; Fritzsche, S.; Surzhykov, A.
Scattering of twisted light from a crystal
Physica Scripta, 94 :105402
August 2019
DOI:10.1088/1402-4896/ab1c74
Karbstein, F.; Mosman, E. A.
X-ray photon scattering at a focused high-intensity laser pulse
Physical Review D, 100 :033002
August 2019
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevD.100.033002
Fritzsche, S.
A fresh computational approach to atomic structures, processes and cascades
Computer Physics Communications, 240 :1
July 2019
DOI:10.1016/j.cpc.2019.01.012
Paufler, W.; Böning, B.; Fritzsche, S.
Coherence control in high-order harmonic generation with Laguerre-Gaussian beams
Physical Review A, 100 :013422
July 2019
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevA.100.013422
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